{"created":"2021-03-01T06:43:43.213704+00:00","id":8334,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"e150d7fb-232a-44c3-82ad-5e8e88d976a3"},"_deposit":{"id":"8334","owners":[],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"8334"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:tsukuba.repo.nii.ac.jp:00008334","sets":["3:233:254"]},"author_link":["34710"],"item_12_biblio_info_6":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2000","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"}}]},"item_12_date_granted_46":{"attribute_name":"学位授与年月日","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_dategranted":"2000-06-30"}]},"item_12_degree_grantor_44":{"attribute_name":"学位授与大学","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_degreegrantor":[{"subitem_degreegrantor_language":"ja","subitem_degreegrantor_name":"筑波大学"},{"subitem_degreegrantor_language":"en","subitem_degreegrantor_name":"University of Tsukuba"}],"subitem_degreegrantor_identifier":[{"subitem_degreegrantor_identifier_name":"12102","subitem_degreegrantor_identifier_scheme":"kakenhi"}]}]},"item_12_degree_name_43":{"attribute_name":"取得学位","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_degreename":"博士（理学）"},{"subitem_degreename":"Doctor of Philosophy in Science"}]},"item_12_description_4":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"単性花をつける多くの植物種において，植物ホルモン処理による性転換や内生ホルモンレベルの調査により，植物ホルモンが雌雄分化の制御に関与する可能性が示唆されている。しかしながら，植物ホルモンによる性発現の制御機構は明らかにされていない。本論文は，キュウリの性発現の制御に関わる植物ホルモンの合成遺伝子に着目し，植物ホルモンによる性発現の制御機構の分子レベルでの解明を試みた研究報告である。　キュウリの雌花形成は植物ホルモンであるエチレンによって誘導され，その性表現は茎頂部における内生エチレンレベルにより調節されている。著者は，キュウリの茎頂部のエチレンレベルの制御機構を明らかにするために，混性型キュウリの茎頂部より，エチレン生合成の律速酵素である1－アミノシクロプロパン－1－カルボン酸（ACC）合成酵素遺伝子のcDNA（CS-ACS2）を単離し，発現解析を行った。その結果，（1）茎頂部におけるCSACS2の転写量および転写時期が，性発現パターンと相関を示す，（2）雌性型キュウリの茎頂部におけるCS-ACS2の誘導時期が，第一花の雌花発現にエチレンが作用する時期と一致する。（3）CS-ACS2は，将来雌花に分化する花芽で特異的に発現することを明らかにし，キュウリの雌花発現がCS-ACS2の発現レベルで制御される可能性を示唆した。　一方，キュウリにおいては，雌性発現を制御するF遺伝子座とリンクし，雌性型キュウリ特異的に存在する別のACC合成酵素遺伝子（CS-ACS1G）の存在が示唆されている。そこで，著者は，キュウリの性発現の制御におけるCS-ACS2とCS-ACS1Gの関係を明らかにするために，雌性型（FF）と混性型（ff）の同質遺伝子系統とそのF1（Ff）の茎頂部における両遺伝子の発現解析を行い，雌性型の茎頂部では早い時期からCS-ACS1GとCS-ACS2が発現しているのに対し，混性型ではCS-ACS2の発現のみが検出されること，および，雌性型におけるCS-ACS2の発現は，混性型よりも早い時期に発現し，その発現量も高いことを明らかにした。さらに，CS-ACS2がエチレン誘導性遺伝子であることを明らかにし，雌性型の茎頂部におけるCS-ACS1Gの発現が，エチレン生成を介して，CS-ACS2の発現時期を早めるとともに，発現量を増加させる可能性を示唆した。また，雌花発現を誘導するジベレリン処理のCS-ACS1GおよびCS-ACS2の発現に及ぼす効果を調べ，CS-ACS1Gの発現はジベレリンの影響を受けないのに対し，CS-ACS2の発現はジベレリン処理により減少し，それに伴い，雄花形成が誘導されることを明らかにした。以上の結果から，キュウリの性表現が二種類のACC合成酵素遺伝子により制御されることを示し，混性型の性発現を制御する茎頂部のエチレンレベルはCS-ACS2により制御されており，ジベレリンレベルが高い場合にはCS-ACS2の発現は抑制されていると考えられる。一方，雌性型では花芽形成の起こる時期よりCS-ACS1Gが発現しており，CS-ACS1Gの発現はエチレン生成を介してCS-ACS2の発現を誘導するために，茎頂部のエチレンレベルが増加し，雌花のみを形成するようになると考えられた。 Sex determination systems in plants, leading to unisexuality as monoecy and dioecy, are one of the strategies to promote outcrossing and avoid inbreeding. In several species with unisexual flowers, it is suggested that the sex of an individual or of a flower is determined by the regulation of the levels of endogenous plant hormones. ...","subitem_description_language":"ja","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_12_description_45":{"attribute_name":"学位授与年度","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"2000","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_12_description_5":{"attribute_name":"内容記述","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"Includes bibliographical references","subitem_description_language":"en","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_12_dissertation_number_47":{"attribute_name":"報告番号","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_dissertationnumber":"乙第1633号"}]},"item_access_right":{"attribute_name":"アクセス権","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_access_right":"open 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