{"created":"2021-03-01T06:43:42.691855+00:00","id":8327,"links":{},"metadata":{"_buckets":{"deposit":"4abfd21d-694e-4524-adbe-21c779771539"},"_deposit":{"id":"8327","owners":[],"pid":{"revision_id":0,"type":"depid","value":"8327"},"status":"published"},"_oai":{"id":"oai:tsukuba.repo.nii.ac.jp:00008327","sets":["3:233:254"]},"author_link":["34689"],"item_12_biblio_info_6":{"attribute_name":"書誌情報","attribute_value_mlt":[{"bibliographicIssueDates":{"bibliographicIssueDate":"2001","bibliographicIssueDateType":"Issued"}}]},"item_12_date_granted_46":{"attribute_name":"学位授与年月日","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_dategranted":"2001-02-28"}]},"item_12_degree_grantor_44":{"attribute_name":"学位授与大学","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_degreegrantor":[{"subitem_degreegrantor_language":"ja","subitem_degreegrantor_name":"筑波大学"},{"subitem_degreegrantor_language":"en","subitem_degreegrantor_name":"University of Tsukuba"}],"subitem_degreegrantor_identifier":[{"subitem_degreegrantor_identifier_name":"12102","subitem_degreegrantor_identifier_scheme":"kakenhi"}]}]},"item_12_degree_name_43":{"attribute_name":"取得学位","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_degreename":"博士（理学）"},{"subitem_degreename":"Doctor of Philosophy in Science"}]},"item_12_description_4":{"attribute_name":"抄録","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"本論文は，光合成，呼吸，蒸散，土壌有機物分解などに関する最新の生物情報を基礎にしたメカニスティックな生態系モデルSim-CYCLEを開発し，現在進行中の化石燃料の大量消費と熱帯林伐採によって引き起こされている気候変動が，近い将来，地球全体の陸上生態系の炭素動態にどのような影響を及ぼすかを，シミュレーションによって予測した研究である。【モデルの概要】　陸上生態系の炭素動態は光合成，呼吸，土壌有機物分解といったプロセスの総合化されたものとして決まってくるが，これらのプロセスはそれぞれ環境応答性が異なっている。そこでここで開発された生態系モデルSim-CYCLEはこれらのプロセスの環境応答特性についての近年得られた生理生態学的知見を最大限に組み入れて作られている。【予備実験】　これまでに世界の21地点で得られた実測値を用いて，Sim-CYCLEに含まれるパラメータの較正と検証をプロットスケールで行なったところ，シミュレーションで得られたバイオマスや植物生産力などの予測値は実測値と極めて高い精度で一致し，Sim-CYCLEの有効性が確かめられた。【実験1】　空間分解能0.5°で33種に区分されたグローバル植生マップ(全点で86,705点)を用いて炭素動態のシミュレーションを行なったところ，陸上生態系全体の炭素蓄積量は2150PgCとなり，そのうち植生に30.1％土壌に69.9％が存在していた。また，年間の総生産量は147.5Pg，純生産量は61.8Pgとなって，従来の3つの経験モデルで得られている推定値とも高い一致を示した。【実験2】　年々変動する気象条件が陸上生態系の炭素動態にどのような影響を及ぼすかを明らかにするために，1958～1998年までの月別の気象条件をSim-CYCLEに入力し，生態系純生産にどのような影響が現れるかを調べたところ，気温の変動と最も高い負の相関が得られた。すなわち，気温が1℃高いと陸上生態系からは3.1PgCが放出(大気CO2濃度に換算すると1.6ppmの上昇に相当)される結果となった。これは温度が高いと植物の呼吸や土壌有機物の分解が促進されることが原因であった。【実験3】　世界の代表的な3つの大気大循環モデルで得られている温暖化シナリオをSim-CYCLEに入力して，地球環境変化が陸上生態系の炭素動態に与える影響を解析した。ここで，大気中のCO2濃度が350PPmから出発し，年々1％づつ，従って，70年後に倍増するものとし，それに伴って変わる地域ごとの気温と降水量を入力した。その結果，用いた温暖化シナリオによって程度は異なるが，70年後の純生産量は30％前後増加し，炭素蓄積量は100PgC前後増加するものと予測された。　以上のように，本研究において開発された生態系モデルSim-CYCLEは，従来の経験的なモデルにはない高い再現性と予測性を獲得した。  Interactions between the atmosphere and the biosphere were investigated with Simulation model of Carbon cYCle in Land Ecosystems (Sim-CYCLE), which enables us to simulate atmosphere-biosphere CO2 exchange and carbon (C) dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems. ...","subitem_description_language":"ja","subitem_description_type":"Abstract"}]},"item_12_description_45":{"attribute_name":"学位授与年度","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"2000","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_12_description_5":{"attribute_name":"内容記述","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_description":"Includes bibliographical references","subitem_description_language":"en","subitem_description_type":"Other"}]},"item_12_dissertation_number_47":{"attribute_name":"報告番号","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_dissertationnumber":"乙第1692号"}]},"item_access_right":{"attribute_name":"アクセス権","attribute_value_mlt":[{"subitem_access_right":"open 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