@article{oai:tsukuba.repo.nii.ac.jp:00038588,
 author = {片岡, 博美 and Kashima, Hiroshi},
 issue = {2},
 journal = {地理空間, Geographical space},
 month = {},
 note = {本稿では，エスニック・ビジネスの立地要因について，日本におけるブラジル系ビジネスの，同一エスニック集団の「異なる地域」における立地展開の差異，同一エスニック集団の同一地域における「異なる時期」における立地展開の差異，展開される業種ごとの差異の3つの側面から検討し分析した。その結果，エスニック・ビジネスの立地要因は，エスニックな要素が大きく関わる「エスニック立地因子」と，外部一般経済と同様の，いわゆる一般因子に近い「非エスニック立地因子」の2種があること，そしてこれら2種の立地因子が組み合わさりエスニック・ビジネスの立地や集積がもたらされることを明らかにした。
　また，本稿では，エスニック・ビジネスをとりまく「ホスト社会における機会構造」もあわせて検討し，エスニック集団のホスト社会への同化やエスニック集団の生活空間の縮小といった「負の機会構造」と，エスニック集団の集住や核店舗・核施設の存在といった「正の機会構造」の存在を提示し，これら2つの機会構造のバランスにより，エスニック・ビジネスは盛衰し，また，その立地場所や集積の様態を変化させることを明らかにした。, In this paper, I first organized geographical studies on ethnic business and locations by three aspects 1) ones related to the identity or representation of ethnic businesses in the area where they are located or clustered, 2) ones related to the possibilities of the area where ethnic businesses cluster, and 3) ones related to the patterns of ethnic business locations and clusters. In many cases, previous studies position ethnic business as an extension of ethnic community studies?as an indication of mature ethnic community in the host society or as part of ethnic town facilities that an ethnic group formed in the host society. Therefore, there has not been much progress with studies on ethnic business location, particularly on locational factor.
 Therefore, this paper examined the clustering process and location expansion patterns of Brazilian business in Japan from two perspectives: 1) expansion of ethnic business location by the same ethnic group in different regions and 2) expansion of ethnic business location by the same ethnic group in the same region in different time periods. Based on these, I analyzed the differences in clusters by region, development period, and business type in terms the factors for ethnic business location. The results showed that there were two types of factors for ethnic business location, including ethnic location factors which largely involve ethnic elements and non-ethnic location factors which are close to general factors, so to speak, just as in an external general economy. These two types of location factors are combined to drive the location and clustering of ethnic businesses. As a note, regional differences were observed in location factors and the patterns of location expansion for ethnic business even within the same country. They significantly differ by development period, business type, and the strategy of the business even within the same region as well. In particular, it became clear that the “familiar location” factor, which is a non-ethnic location factor, weighs more during the initial stage of ethnic business expansion and, as the expansion progresses, the weight of the “cheap rent” factor?another non-ethnic location factor?and the “clustering of ethnic business” factor?an ethnic location factor?increases.
 Furthermore, this paper also examined the opportunity structures surrounding the factors of ethnic business location in the host society, presented the existence of negative opportunity structures, such as ethnic group’s assimilation to the host society and reduced living spaces, and positive opportunity structures, such as collective living of ethnic group and the presence of anchor stores and facilities, and demonstrated that ethnic businesses rise and fall as well as change their locations and clustering patterns based on the balance between these two types of opportunity structures.},
 pages = {219--237},
 title = {エスニック・ビジネスの立地要因 : コミュニティ研究から経済地理学的研究へ},
 volume = {8},
 year = {2015}
}